Malays. Appl. Biol. (2010) 39(2): 19-23
ANTI-HSV-1 ACTIVITY OF Cymbopogon nardus (L.) RENDLE FRACTIONS
ADIBAH, A.B.1*, NAZLINA, I.1 & AHMAD, I.B.2
1School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. E-mail:
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2Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
An in vitro study was carried out to investigate the antiviral activity of four fractions of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (F89, F117, F133, F147) towards HSV-1 virus. Cytotoxicity assay were conducted towards Vero cell line using MTT assay to determine CC50 values (50% Cytotoxic Concentration). For antiviral test, two treatments were used to determine the fraction’s mode of action. Post-treatment [(S+V)+A] was done by inoculating the virus (V) to the cells (S) before being treated with fraction (A). Pre-treatment [(S+A)+V], involved treatment of fraction before inoculation of the cells with virus. Six concentrations of fractions were used, starting from the two-fold dilution from CC50 value until the 6th doubling dilutions. HSV-1 dose was fixed 50 TCID50 and 100 TCID50. Cytotoxicity test showed 1.0 CC50 values for the four fractions ranged between 78 ?g/mL and 469 ?g/mL. In post-treatment, strongest antiviral activity was shown by F117 at 9.75 ?g/mL. All fractions showed low activity by pre-treatment. The results showed that all fractions have antiviral activity at non-toxic concentration with possible mode of action in inhibiting viral post-absorption stage.
ABSTRAK
Satu kajian in vitro telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji aktiviti antivirus empat fraksi Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (F89, F117, F133, F147) terhadap virus HSV-1. Ujian sitotoksisiti dilakukan ke atas titisan sel Vero menggunakan kaedah MTT untuk menentukan nilai CC50 (kepekatan yang menyebabkan 50% kematian sel). Ujian antivirus dijalankan menggunakan dua jenis rawatan bagi menentukan mod tindakan fraksi; Pos-rawatan [(S+V)+A] dilakukan dengan menginokulat virus (V) kepada sel (S) kemudian dirawat dengan fraksi (A). Pra-rawatan [(S+A)+V] dilakukan dengan merawat sel sebelum diinokulat dengan virus. Sebanyak tujuh kepekatan fraksi diuji, bermula dari pencairan ganda dua dari nilai CC50 sehinggalah pencairan ganda dua ke-6. Dos HSV-1 ditetapkan pada 50 TCID50 dan 100 TCID50. Ujian sitotoksisiti menunjukkan nilai 1.0 CC50 bagi keempat-empat fraksi adalah dalam lingkungan 78 ?g/mL hingga 469 ?g/mL. Pada ujian pos-rawatan, aktiviti antivirus tertinggi dikesan pada fraksi F117 pada kepekatan 9.75 ?g/mL. Kesemua fraksi menunjukkan aktiviti yang lemah melalui ujian pra-rawatan. Hasil ini menunjukkan fraksi-fraksi mempunyai aktiviti antivirus pada kepekatan tidak toksik dengan mod tindakan berlaku selepas proses penjerapan virus.
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