Malays. Appl, Biol. (December 2002) 31(2): 19-28
ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITY OF SOLVENT EXTRACTS OF 50 PLANTS ON SPODOPTERA LITURA FAB. (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE) AND HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA HUBNER (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE)
RAJA, N., ELUMALAI, K., JAYAKUMAR, M., JEYASANKAR, A. and IGNACIMUTHU, S.*
Entomology Research Institute Loyola College, Chennai-600 034, India
ABSTRACT
Spodoptera litura Fab. and Helicoverpa armigera Hubner are nationally important among polyphagous pests destroying more than 100 crops in India. Antifeedant activity of hexane, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methane! and water extracts of 50 plants were tested at 1000 ppm concentration against 4th instar larvae of S. litura and H. armigera using the leaf disc bioassay method. The 7 most effective plants identified were further studied at 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 5% concentrations. Ethyl acetate extract of Cliestanthes collinus, Pergularia daemia, Wedelio calandulacea and methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata, C. collinus, P. daemia and Euphoria heterophylla showed maximum antifeedant activity against S. litura. Antifeedant activity of ethyl acetate and methanol extract of A. paniculata was statistically on par amongst C. collinus, Crateva magna, W. calandulacea and Catharanthes roseus at 5% concentration against H. armigera.
ABSTRAK
Spodoptera litura Fab. dan Helicoverpa armigera Hubner merupakan antara serangga perosak fitofagus utama yang memusnahkan lebih daripada 100 jenis tanaman di India. Aktiviti antifeedant heksana, dwiklorometana, etil asetat, metanol dan ekstrak air 50 jenis tumbuhan telah diuji pada kepekatan l000 ppm terhadap larva instar ke-4 S. litura dan H. armigera. Tujuh tumbuhan paling efektif dikaji selanjutnya pada kepekatan 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 dan 5% menggunakan kaedah bioassay cakera daun. Ekstrak etil asetat Cliestanthes collinus, Pergularia daemia, Wedelia calandulacea dan ekstrak methanol Andrographis paniculata, C. collinus, P. daemia and Euphoria heterophylla menunjukkan kesan antifeedant yang paling baik. Kesan ekstrak antifeedant etil acetate dan methanol A. paniculata didapati tidak banyak berbeza daripada segi statistik antara C. collinus, Crateva magna, W. calandulacea dan Catharanthes roseus pada kepekatan 5% terhadap H. armigera.
Key words: plant extracts, antifeedant activity, S. litura, H. armigera
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