Malays. Appl. Biol. (December 2000) 29(1 &2): 17-25
SOME ASPECTS OF ECOLOGICAL STUDY ON EXTENSIVE SHRIMP CULTURE PONDS AT COX'S BAZAR, BANGLADESH
ABU-HENA, M.K.,1 ZAFAR, M.2 and NURUDDIN, M.2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
2Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Chittagong Chittagong, Bangladesh
ABSTRACT
The ecological study of two shrimp culture ponds with and without salt production pans were carried out. Among the hydro-meteorological factors water temperature was almost uniform in two ponds, mean air temperature was 30.7 ± 1.86° C and rainfall was mostly confined in the monsoon period. Dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity and electric conductivity were close to the required level of Penaeus monodon culture. Transparency and water depth were suitable for shrimp culture and HCO3, total hardness, Ca and Mg were sufficient for P. monodon culture. The physico-chemical factors of soil were favourable for the growth of shrimp. Sandy loamy soil was observed in the investigated ponds 1 and 2. The net primary production was 601.13 + 11.1 mgc/m3/d in pond 1 and 1583.49 ± 21.9 mgc/mVd in pond 2. The mean gross primary production was 1571.5 + 9.24 mgc/m3/d and 2627.51 ±21.1 mgc/mVd in ponds 1 and 2, respectively. In zooplankton communities Hydromedusae was dominant in pond 1 constituting 22135.93 individuals/m-and Mysid 23757.66 individuals/m3 in pond 2. In macrobenthos communities, mollusca gastropoda (118.37 individuals/ m3) was the dominant group in pond 1 and Isopod in pond 2 containing 123.52 individuals/m3.
ABSTRAK
Kajian bandingan ekologikal terhadap dua kolam ternakan udang yang mengandungi dan tidak mengandungi bendang garam telah dijalankan. Faktor-faktor hidro-meteorologikal seperti suhu air didapati hampir sekata di kedua-dua kolam rernakan, manakala min suhu udara ialah 30.7 ± 1.86° C dan hujan hanya terhad semasa musim monsu. Oksigen terlarul iDO), pH. kemasinan dan konduktiviti elektrik didapati menghampiri paras keperluan pengkulturan Penaeus monodon. Kejernihan dan kedalam-an air serta HCO3, jumlah kekelatan Ca dan Mg didapati menepati keperluan penternakan P. monodon. Faktor-faktor fiziko-kimia tanah didapati sesuai untuk pembesaran udang. Tanah pasir berlom telah dikesau di kolam 1 dan kolam 2 dalam kajian ini. Pengeluaran bersih utama ialah 601.13 + 11.1 mgc/m3/d dalam kolam 1 dan 1583.49 + 21.9 mgc/m3/d dalam kolam 2. Min pengeluaran kasar utama dalam kolam 1 dan 2 ialah 1571.5 + 9.24 mgc/m3/d dan 2627.51 +21.1 mgc/m3/d masing-masing. Komuniti zooplankton Hydromedusae didapati dominan dalam kolam 1 dengan kandungan 22135.93 individu/m3 dan Mysid 23757.66 individu/m3 dalam kolam 2. Komuniti makrobenthos moluska gastropod merupakan kumpulan dominan dalam kolam 1 (118.37 individu/m3) sementara Isopoda merupakan kumpulan dominan dalam kolam 2 (123.52 individu/m3).
Key words: Ecology, Penaeus monodon, Culture ponds, Bangladesh
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