Malays. Appl. Biol. (1997) 26(2): 7-12
EFFECT OF THREE GENERATIONS OF BACKCROSSING ON MATURITY DURATION, GRAIN YIELD AND ITS ATTRIBUTES IN INTERVARIETAL CROSSES OF WHEAT
A.K. JOSHI*, R.H. SINGH and B. RAI
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India
ABSTRACT
The effect of one, two and three generations of backcrossing was studied in nine intervarietal crosses of wheat with respect to their crop maturity duration, grain yield and yield components. In 'Late x Early' crosses, the F,'s were observed to be closer to the late parent, while in 'Early x Late' crosses, they were quite close to the early maturing parent. The change in days to heading, grain yield and its components varied from cross to cross depending on the genetic background of the recurrent parent. Desirable progenies having higher yield with shorter maturity duration were noticed in BC, and BC,, generations. It indicated that 2-3 backcrossings could be successfully used for combining shorter maturity duration with better grain yield by using commercial cultivated genotypes as parents.
ABSTRAK
Kesan generasi pertama, kedua dan ketiga kacukanbalik telah dikaji dalam sembilan pengacukan antara varieti gandum telah diteliti dari segi tempon matang, hasil dan komponen hasil. Bagi kacukan 'Late x Early', Fl didapati sangat hampir dengan induk akhir, sementara 'Early x Late', didapati sangat hampir dengan induk matang awal. Perubahan bilangan hari 'heading' dan komponennya berubah di antara kacukan bergantung kepada latarbelakang genetik induk semasa. Progeni yang mempunyai hasil yang tinggi dengan tempoh matang singkat dicerap pada generasi BC, dan BC,. Ini menunjukkan yang 2-3 kali kacukbalik boleh digunakan untuk mendapat tempoh kematangan singkat dengan hasil yang baik dengan menggunakan genotip komersial sebagai induk.
Key words: Backcrossing, intervarietal crosses, non-recurrent parent, T. aestivum, transgressive segregants, yield components
REFERRENCES
Akhnetov, A.Z. and Fedorov, P.P. 1974. The inheritance of plant height and length of growth period in Fl hybrids of winter wheat. Kazatsyan Anyl Saruasylyk Gylymynyn. Habrsysy, 3: 32-34
Anwar, A.R. and Chowdhry , A.R. 1969. Heritability and inheritance of plant height, heading date and grain yield in four spring wheat crosses, C.rnn Science.. 9: 760-761
Bhatt, G.M. 1972. Inheritance of heading date, plantheight and kernel weight in two spring wheatcrosses. Crop Science, 12: 95-98
Botezan, V., Moldovan, V. and Snciu, M. 1978.Studies in the inheritance of earliness andbreeding for this characteristic in wheat.Probleme De Genetica Taoretion si Aplicata,10: 299-330
Crampacker, D.W. and Allard, R.W. 1962. A diallelcross analysis of heading date in wheat.Hilgardia, 32: 275-318
Dionigi, A. 1975. The character 'earliness' in cereals.Genetica Agraria, 29: 1350-60
Edward, H., Ketata, H. and Smith, E.L. 1976. Geneaction of heading date, plant height and othercharacters in two winter wheat crosses. CropScience, 16: 276-277
Gangadharan, C. 1986). CR 666, the 60 day ricestrain. Int. Rice Res. News, 11: 4-5. Heakal, M.Y. 1974. F, monosomic analysis ofheading date in Triticum aestivuni L. EgyptianJ. Genet. Cytoi, 4: 476
Kolomiests, L.A. 1979. Duration of growth periodin intervarietal hybrids of winter wheat. In :Voes. Shkola Molod. Uchenykh, i Spertsialistovpo Teorii Prakt. Selektsii Rast, Te3. Dokl.,Moscow, USSR, p. 14-16
Kotova, G.P. and Ryabtseva, M.T. 1980. Breedingearly maize hybrids of the intensive type.Kukuruzu, 5: 27-28
Lanza, F. and Dionigi, A. 1974. Correlationbetween earliness and yield in maize. Annalidell. Institute Spearimentale Agronomico, 5:383-403
Lumbin, A.N. 1974. The inheritance of durationof the period germination-heading in wheat.Selektsiya i Semenovodstvo., 2: 27-28
Nanda, G.S., Gill, K.S. and Sharma, S.K. 1982.Inheritance of yield and other quantitativecharacters in an intervarietal cross of springwheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SABRAO Journal,14(1): 21-26
Narula, P.N. 1983. Short duration pigeonpeas scapeleaf blight disease in late seeding in Bihar. Int.Pigeonpea News, 2: 50-51. Pintus, M.J. 1963. Monosomic analysis ofphotoperiod response in wheat. Diss. Abstr. Int.B., 34: 640. Pirasteh, M.J. 1963. Inheritance of heading date insome spring wheat varieties. Crop Science, 3:301-304.
Saniescu, N.N., Ittu, G., Tapu, C. and Veadu, P.1986. Observation on the performance of somewheat and triticale cultivars under droughtconditions. Problem de Genetica si Applicata.,18: 1-6
Savchenko, D.I. 1983. Inheritance of earliness inwinter wheat hybrids. Selektysiya iSemenovodstvo, 9: 10-14
Singh, R.P. 1986. Development of improvedproduction technologies. In : Twenty Five Yearsof Coordinated Wheat Research 1961-86. J.P.Tandon and A.P. Sethi (eds.). Published byWheat Project Directorate, Indian Council ofAgricultural Research, New Delhi, India, 94-126
Singh, V.P., Rana, R.S., Chaudhary, M.S. and.Redhu, A.S. 1987. Genetic architecture of earemergence in bread wheat. Indian J. Agric. Sci.57: 381-384
Srivastava, D.P. 1983. CR289-1008 and CR 289-1208 very early maturing rice. Int. Rice. Res.Newsl., 8: 5
Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H. 1960. Principles andProcedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co.Inc. New York.
