Malays. Appl. Biol. (1997) 26(2): 43-49
SITE OF INFECTION AND TRANSMISSION OF COLLETOTRICHUM GLOEOSPORIOIDES IN CAPSICUM ANNUUM
EL- AMMARI, S.S.1, SARIAH, M.2*, ZAINAL ABIDIN, M.A2 and HOR, Y.L2
1Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Garyounis, Benghazi, Libya
2 Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor D.E, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
Site of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides infection was studied on naturally-infected and artificially-inoculated chilli seeds Sections of naturally-infected seeds incubated on moist blotter showed the presence of mycelium in the outer and innei layers of the seed coat and in the endosperm. Formation of acervuli was initiated below the seed coat and emerged on the surface after rupturing the cuticle. Setose and nonsetose acervuli were observed on the surface of the seeds. Only dormanl mycelium was detected in the seed coat of naturally-infected seeds that were not incubated prior to histological studies. Transverse sections of incubated artificially-inoculated seeds showed the presence of mycelium only in the outer layers ol the seed coat with abundant acervuli on the surfaces. The embryos in all cases were free from infection. C. gloeosporioides was transmitted from infected seeds to seedlings as the seeds germinate producing symptoms on the radicle, hypocotyl and cotyledon causing pre- and post-emergence mortality. Plant growth was generally retarded.
ABSTRAK
Tapak jangkitan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides telah dikaji pada biji benih cili yang dijangkiti semulajadi dan dieramkan di atas kertas serap lembab menunjukkan kehadiran miselium di dalam lapisan luar dan dalam kulit biji benih dan dalam sndosperma. Pembentukan aservulus bermula di bawah kulit biji benih dan keluar ke permukaan selepas memecahkari kutikel. Aservulus setose dan tidak setose terbentuk pada permukaan biji benih. Hanya miselium yang dorman dikesan dalam kulit bijibenih yang tidak dieram sebelum kajian histologi. Keratan rentas bijibenih yang diinokuiat secara tiruari menunjukkan kehadiran miselium hanya dalam lapisan luar kulit bijibenih dengan pembentukan aservulus yang banyak pada permukaannya. Embrio dalam semua keadaan didapati bebas dari jangkitan. C. gloeosporioides disebarkan daripada bijibenih kepada anak benih semasa bijibenih bercambah, membentuk simptom pada radikel, hipokotil dan kotiledon dan menyebabkan kematian pra- dan pos-cambah. Pertumbuhan tanaman terencat pada keseluruhannya.
Key words: Capsicum annuum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
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