Malays. Appl. Biol. (1998) 27(1 & 2): 119-126
GENETICS OF SEEDLING EMERGENCE IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
A.K. SINGH, R. DHARI, B.D. SINGH1 and A.K. JOSHI*
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences 1 School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
ABSTRACT
Speed of seedling emergence is important in areas where wheat crop gets less time for growth and development. Therefore 150 wheat genotypes were screened in two consecutive seasons to determine variation in speed of seedling emergence. Substantial continuous variation was observed for speed of seedling emergence but the genotypes could not be grouped into different classes. Nine crosses involving six varieties having slow and fast speed of seedling emergence were investigated using generation mean analysis to determine the genetics of emergence index and speed of seedling emergence. Significance of dominance as well as epistatic components were observed. Though the estimate of Additive (d), Additive x Additive (i) component, which can be fixed, were greater in some crosses, the majority of crosses showed dominance and duplicate epistasis which is expected to retard the pace of progress if selection is practiced in early generations. Thus, selection for speed of seedling emergence would be more effective after a few generations of selling.
ABSTRAK
Kecepatan kemunculan anak benih sangat penting bagi kawasan-kawasan di mana pokok gandum mempunyai masa yang terhad untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Oleh yang demikian, 150 genotip gandum dalam dua musim berturut-turut telah disaring untuk menentukan variasi kemunculan anak benih. Perbezaan berterusan dalam kemunculan anak benih dicerap tetapi tidak membolehkan genotip dikumpulkan dalam kelas berbeza. Sembilan silangan yang melibatkan enam varieti menunjukkan kemunculan yang perlahan atau cepat telah diteliti menggunakan analisis bagi menentukan indeks kemunculan genetik dan kecepatan kemunculan anak benih. Kedominanan dan komponen epistatik yang signifikan telah dicerap. Walaupun anggaran Aditif (d), aditif x aditif (i) komponen, yang boleh ditetapkan adalah besar dalam silang tertentu, kebanyakan silang menunjukkan dominan dan epistasis duplikat yang dijangka merencat proses jika pemilihan dilakukan di generasi awal. Oleh yang demikian pemilihan berapa cepat kemunculan adalah lebih berkesan selepas beberapa ^enerasi .
Key words: Emergence index, genetics, seedling, speed of seedling emergence, Triticum aestivum
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