Malays. Appl. Biol. (2005) 34(2): 15–24
BINARY AND TERTIARY COMBINATIONS OF PLANT DERIVED MOLLUSCICIDES AGAINST THE VECTOR SNAILS LYMNAEA ACUMINATA AND INDOPLANORBIS EXUSTUS
SANGITA, S., SINGH, V.K. and SINGH, D.K.*
Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, 273 009, U.P., India
*E-mail:
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ABSTRACT
Comparative toxicity of single, binary and tertiary mixture of plant derived molluscicides with synergists MGK-264 and piperonyl butoxide has been studied against the snails L. acuminata and I. exustus. Toxic effect was found to be time and concentration dependent. Cedrus deodara and Azadirachta indica oils were found to be more toxic among single treatments against L. acuminata and I. exustus, respectively. Among all the binary combinations, mixture of Cedrus deodara oil with Polianthes tuberosa or Allium sativum bulb powder was more toxic against L. acuminata and I. exustus, respectively. Tertiary combination of plant derived molluscicide with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide are more toxic than single and binary combinations. Tertiary combination (1:1:5) of A. indica + A. sativum + MGK- 264 or piperonyl butoxide is more toxic against L. acuminata and I. exustus than single, binary and tertiary combinations. Toxicity of tertiary combination against both the snails is 2 to 3x103 times higher than single and binary combinations. The active components of plant derived molluscicides viz. azadirachtin (Azadirachta indica), allicin (Allium sativum), 6-gingerol (oleoresin of Zingiber officinale) and hecogenin (Polianthes tuberosa) were tested in tertiary combination against the snail L. acuminata. These tertiary combinations were more toxic than their single and binary combinations. Of these tertiary combinations, combination of azadirachtin +allicin +PB is more toxic than the other.
ABSTRAK
Kajian ketoksikan campuran moluskisid terbitan tumbuhan dengan sinergis MGK-264 dan piperonil butoksida telah dilakukan terhadap siput L. acuminata dan I. exustus iaitu secara sendirian, digabung berdua dan bertiga. Kesan ketoksikan didapati bergantung pada masa dan kepekatan. Minyak Cedrus deodara dan Azadirachta indica masing- masing didapati lebih toksik di kalangan perlakuan sendirian terhadap L. acuminata dan I. exustus. Di kalangan semua gabungan berdua, campuran minyak Cedrus deodara dengan Polianthes tuberosa atau serbuk umbi Allium sativum didapati lebih toksik masing-masing terhadap L. acuminata dan I. exustus. Gabungan bertiga moluskisid terbitan tumbuhan dengan MGK-264 atau piperonil butoksida, adalah lebih toksik daripada sendirian dan gabungan berdua. Gabungan bertiga A. indica + A. sativum + MGK-264 atau piperonil butoksida (1:1:5) adalah lebih toksik terhadap L. acuminata dan I. exustus dibandingkan dengan sendirian, gabungan berdua dan bertiga. Ketoksikan gabungan bertiga terhadap kedua-dua spesies siput adalah 2 hingga 3 x 10 3 lebih tinggi daripada sendirian dan gabungan berdua. Komponen aktif moluskisid terbitan tumbuhan iaitu azadiraktin (Azadirachta indica), alisin (Allium sativum), 6-gingerol (oleoresin daripada Zingiber officinale) dan hekogenin (Polianthes tuberosa) telah diuji dengan gabungan bertiga terhadap L. acuminata. Gabungan bertiga ini lebih toksik dibandingkan dengan sendirian dan gabungan berdua. Daripada gabungan bertiga ini, gabungan azadiraktin + alisin + PB lebih toksik daripada yang lain.
Key words: Snail; molluscicides, MGK-264, Piperonyl butoxide, synergism.
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