Malays. Appl. Biol. (2007) 36(2): 57–63
EFFECT OF SALINITY ON GROWTH, PROLINE ACCUMULATION AND MALATE CONTENT OF PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS (L.) MERILL.) UNDER TISSUE CULTURE CONDITION
SAYED M. ZAIN HASAN* and NUR SURAYA ABDULLAH
Faculty of Agrotechnology and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Mengabang Telipot, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu. MALAYSIA
*E-mail:
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ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted with the aim at evaluating the effect of salinity on growth, proline accumulation and malate content of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill.)’s tissue culture. 10-12 mm pineapple shoot-tip used as the explants were cultured on MS medium treated with either 0 (control), 65, 135, 200 or 250 mM NaCl. At every two weeks in the first two months of culturing, the fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW) and number of leaves were determined. Proline accumulation and malate content were determined once at four weeks of treatment. The result shows that the growth of pineapple under tissue culture condition was not inhibited by salt concentration below than 135 mM NaCl. Salt concentrations at 200 - 250 mM reduced plantlets growth significantly, but do not completely inhibits. Proline accumulation was 1,149 ?g/g DW in the control plantlet and gradually increased to 1,609 ?g/ g DW in culture treated with 200 mM NaCl. However, malate contents which initially reduced from 57.41 ?g/ g DW in the control to 22.0 ?g/ g DW in 135 mM NaCl, but later increases to 46.91 ?g/ g DW in the plantlets treated with 250 mM NaCl.
ABSTRAK
Satu kajian telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menilai kesan kemasinan ke atas tumbesaran, pengumpulan proline dan kandungan malate ke atas kultur tisu nenas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill.). 10-12 mm hujung pucuk nenas yang digunakan sebagai eksplan telah dikulturkan di atas medium MS yang diberi perlakuan NaCl dengan kepekatan samada 0 (kawalan), 65, 135, 200 atau 250 mM. Pada setiap dua minggu dalam dua bulan pertama selepas pengkulturan, berat basah (FW), berat kering (DW) dan bilangan daun ditentukan. Pengumpulan proline dan kandungan malate ditentukan sekali pada empat minggu selepas perlakuan. Hasil menunjukan tumbesaran nenas dalam kultur tisu tidak diganggu oleh kemasinan NaCl di bawah kepekatan 135 mM. Kepekatan garam pada 200 – 250 mM secara signifiken telah merendahkan tetapi tidak menyekat keseluruhan tumbesaran kultur tisu tersebut. Pengumpulan proline adalah sebanyak 1,149 ?g/g DW dalam tisu kawalan dan meningkat perlahan-lahan kepada 1,609 ?g/ g DW dalam kultur yang diberi NaCl sebanyak 200 mM. Berbeza dengan kandungan malate yang mana pada mulanya menurun dari 57.41 ?g/ g DW dalam kawalan kepada 22.0 ?g/ g DW dalam NaCl 135 mM, tetapi kemudiannya meningkat kepada 46.91 ?g/ g DW dalam perlakuan NaCl 250 mM.
Key words: Salinity, Ananas comosus, tissue culture, proline, malate
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