Malays. Appl. Biol. (2012) 41(2): 19–24
THE INFLUENCE OF TRIADIMENOL ON BANANA CULTIVARS BASRAI AND WILLIAMS THE INFLUENCE OF TRIADIMENOL ON BANANA CULTIVARS BASRAI AND WILLIAMS UNDER IN VITRO CULTURE
GALAL, A.A.1*, IBRAHIEM, A.I.2 and JEHAN, M.M.S.1
1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Egypt
2Genetic Engineering Lab., Monofia University, Egypt
*Email:
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
ABSTRACT
Triadimenol is a systemic fungicide with protective, curative and eradicant action. It is highly effective in controlling a variety of economically important pathogenic fungal caused diseases on plant. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of triadimenol on in vitro culture of banana cultivars Basrai and Williams. The effects of systemic triadimenol were tested on the shoot-tip explants. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal solid medium supplemented with 5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or 1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and different concentration of triadimenol. Results showed the viability of both banana cultivars were decreased as well as triadimenol concentration increased. Most of shoot-tip explants died at the lethal concentration (60 mg/l) of triadimenol. The shoot-tip proliferation, the number and length of lateral buds and efficiency of root system formation were decreased as the triadimenol concentrations increased. The sub-lethal concentration (50 mg/l) of triadimenol affected the photosynthetic pigments such as ChI a, ChI b and carotenoids contents and a variation in the number and stain intensity of the polypeptides compared with control ones was exhibited. Triadimenol (50 mg/l) treated shoots also showed dramatic decreasing in the ?5 sterols; sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol content. This study demonstrated that triazole fungicide triadimenol has a similar inhibitory effect on the growth and development of the two banana cultivars Basrai and Williams.
Key words: Fungicides; Proliferation; Shoot-tips; Sterol Biosynthesis; Triazoles
REFERRENCES
A.O.A.C. 1984. Official analysis of the association of official analytical chemist. 14th ed Washington, D.C. Ancholle, M., Weete, J.D. & Montant, C. 1984. Effects of triazoles on fungi: Growth and cellular permeability. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 21: 31- 44.
Buchennauer, H. & Rohner, E. 1981. Effect of triadimefon and triadimenol on growth of various plant species as well as on gibberellin content and sterol metabolism in shoots of barley seedlings. Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 15: 58-70.
Fidanza, M.A. & Wetzel, H.C., Agnew, M.L. & Kaminski, J.E. 2006. Evaluation of fungicide and plant growth regulator tank-mix programs on dollar spot severity of creeping bent grass. Crop Prot. 25: 1032-1038.
Fletcher, R.A., Gilley, A., Sankhla, N. & Davis, T.M. 2000. Triazoles as plant growth regulators and stress protestants. Hort. Rev., John Wiley and sons Inc. 24: 56-138.
Hartmann, M.A. 1998. Plant sterol and membrane environment. Trends plant Sci. 5: 17-175. Hartmann, M.A. 2004. Sterol metabolism and function in higher plants. In: Lipid Metabolism and Membrane Biogenesis. (ed. G. Daum, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg) pp. 183-211.
Hills, F., Nikolich, G.A. & Leach, L.D. 1985. Sterol- inhibiting fungicides for control of sugar beet powdery mildew methods and rates of application and evidence of growth regulation. Plant Dis. 69(3): 257-261.
Kaspers, H. 2009. Practical importance of the systemic properties of triadimefon– provisional results Nether. J. Plant Path. 83: 361-364.
Khalill, I.A., Mercer, E.I. & Wang, Z.X. 1990. Effect of triazole fungicides on the growth, chloroplast pigment and sterol biosynthesis of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Sci. 66: 21-28.
Koller, W. 1987. Plant growth regulator activities of stereochemical isomers of triadimenol. Physiol. Plant. 71: 309-315.
Mercer, E.L. 1983. Inhibition of sterol 14-alpha- demethylase enzymes. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 11: 663-665.
Metzner, H., Rau, H. & Senger, H. 1965. Untersuchunger Zur Synchronisierbarkeit einzelner-pigment-Mangel Mutanten Von Chlorella. Planta. 65: 186-194.
Murashige, T. & Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-497.
Piironen, V., Lindsay, D.G., Mietinen, T.A., Toivo, J., Lampi, A.M. 2000. Plant sterols: bio- synthesis, biological function and their importance to human nutrition. J. Sci. Food Agri. 80: 939-966.
Rademacher, W. 2000. Growth retardants: Effects on gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 51: 501-531.
Rahier, A. & Taton, M. 1997. Fungicides as tools in studying post-qualene sterol synthesis in plants. Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 57: 1-27.
Schrick, K., Mayer, U., Horrichs, A., Kuhnt, C., Bellini, C., Dangl, J., Schmidt, J. & Jurgens, G. 2000. Fackel is a sterol C-14 reductase required for organized cell division and expansion in Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Genes Dev. 14: 1471-1484.
Snedecor, G.W. & Cochran, W.G. 1980. Statistical methods. Oxford and J. B. H. Publishing Com. 7th edition. pp. 166-190. Iowa State University, press, Ames. I.A.
Ventura, J.A., Alvarez, J.R.G., Zambolim, L., Vale, F.X.R. do.1994. Control of the Sigatoka disease of banana cv. Prata with triadimenol via soil according to the level of the disease Fitopatol. Brasil. 19(3): 370-376.
Wetzstein, H.Y., Richardson, E.A. & He, Y. 2002. Alterations in anatomy and ultra structure of pecan leaves treated with propiconazole during shoot expansion. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 127: 8-12.
