Malays. Appl. Biol. (2014) 43(1): 91–96
THE EFFECT OF ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS)
ON REGENERATION AND SOMACLONAL VARIATIONS
OF PETUNIA (Petunia hybrida VILM.)
SAHI, N.1 and EHSANPOUR, A.A.2*
1,2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,
University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
*E-mail:
This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
ABSTRACT
In order to study the effect of EMS (Ethyl Methane Sulfonate) on plant regeneration of Petunia (Petunia hybrida Vilm.), sterile seeds were cultured in MS medium. Leaf segments from in vitro grown plants were treated with 1% and 2% EMS for 15, 30 and 60 min and were then transferred to plant regeneration medium (MS and BAP, 05 mg/l). No growth was observed in leaf explants treated with 2% EMS for 30 and 60 min. Regenerated shoots from samples treated with 1 or 2% for 15 min were then transferred to MS medium and were sub cultured after rooting. Plants treated with 2% EMS for 15 min showed a significant reduction in the dry and fresh weight. RAPD-PCR analysis using OPAA6 and FPK101 primers showed few differences among treated and untreated plants with EMS.
Key words: Petunia hybrida, Ethyl Methane Sulfonate, Regeneration
REFERENCES
Abu-Qaoud, H. , Abu-Rayya, A. and Yaish,S. 2010. In vitro regeneration somaclonal variation of Petunia hybrid. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 18(1): 71-81.
Anwar, N., Kikuchi, A. and Watanabe, K.N. 2010. Assessment of somaclonal variation for salinity tolerance in sweet potato regenerated plants. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(43): 7256-7265 .
Aruna, J., Prakash, M. and Sunil Kumar, B. 2010. Studies on effect of mutagens in M1 population of Brinjal (Solanummelongena L). Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1(4): 470-471.
Berenschot, A., Zucchi, M., Tulmann-Neto, A. and Quecini, V .2008. Mutagenesis in Petunia x hybrida Vilm and isolation of a novel morphological mutant. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 20(2): 91-103.
Cecchini, E., Natali, L., Cavallini, A. and Durante, M. 1992. DNA variations in regenerated plantsof pea (PisumsativumL.).Theorical and Applied Genetics, 84: 874-879 .
De Klerk, G. J. 1990. How to measure somaclonal variation. Acta Botanica Neerlandica, 39: 129-144.
Ehsanpour, A.A. and Twell, D. 2005. Analysis of SFL1 and SFL2 promoter region in Arabidopsis thaliana using gateway cloning system. Journal of Science, 16: 303-309.
Hajra, N.G. 1979. Induction of mutations by chemical mutagens in tall Indica rice. Indian Agricalture, 23: 67–72.
Hayes, H.K., Immer, F.R and D.C. Smith, D.C. 1955. Methods of Plant Breeding, 2ndEd. Mcgraw Hill Book Company, New York. 210pp.
Jain, S.M. 2001. Tissue culture-derived variation in crop improvement. Euphytica, 118: 153-166.
Kolmark, G. 1957. Mutagenic properties of certain esters of inorganic acids investigated by neurospora back mutation test. Comp. Rend. Trac.Lab. Cartsberg, Ser. Physiol., 26: 205–220.
Kumar, G. and Yadav, R.S. 2010. EMS induced genomic disorders in sesame (SesamumindicumL.). Plant Biology, 55(2): 97-104.
Miguel, C. and Marum, L. 2011. An epigenetic view of plant cells cultured in vitro: somaclonal variation and beyond. Journal of Experimental Botany, 10: 1-13.
Minocha, J.L. and Arnason, T.J. 1962. Mutagenic effectiveness of ethyl methane sulfonate in barley. Nature, 196: 499.
Muller, E. Brown, P.T.H., Hartke, S. and Lorz, H. 1990. DNA variation in tissue-culture-derived rice plants. Theoretical Applide Genetics, 80: 673-679.
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15(3): 473-497.
Nakamura, K., Matsubara, K., Watanabe, H., Kokubun, H., Ueda, Y., Oyama-Okubo, N., Nakayama, M. and Ando, T. 2006. Identification of Petunia hybrida cultivars that diurnally emit floral fragrances. Scientia Horticulturae, 108: 61-65.
Okagaki, R.J., Neuffer, M.G. and S.R. Wessler, 1991. A deletion common to two independently derived waxy mutations of maize. Genetics, 128(2): 425–431.
Saba, N. and Mirza, B. 2002. Ethyl methane sulfonate induced genetic variability in Lycopersiconesculentum. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 4(1): 89-92.
Satoh, C., Awa, A.A., Neel, J.V.,Schull, W.J., Kato, H., Hamilton, H.B., Otake, M. and Goriki, K. 1982. Genetic effects of atomic bombs: In Liss, A.R. (Ed.), Human Genetics, New York. 276 pp.
Smy´kal, P. Valledor, L. Rodr?´guez, R. and Griga, M. 2007. Assessment of genetic and epigeneticstability in long-term in vitro culture of pea (PisumsativumL.). Plant Cell, 26: 1985-1998.
Wattoo, J.I., Aslam, K., Shah, S.M., Shabir, G., Sabar, M., Naveed, S.A., Waheed, R., Samiullah, Q., Muqaddasi, Q.H. and Arif, M. 2012. Ethylemethane sulphonate (EMS) induced mutagenic attempts to create genetic variability in basmati rice. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 4(7): 101-105.
Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. and Tingey, S.V. 1990. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18: 6531-6535.
