Malays. Appl. Biol. (2017) 46(4): 175–182
INHIBITION OF LIPID ACCUMULATION IN 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES
BY CHLOROGENIC ACID DERIVED FROM GREEN COFFEE
(Robusta sp.) BEANS AND PULPS
RASEETHA, S.1*, ZULKIFLI, M.F.2, NURUL-NABILAH, M.1 and ISMAIL, W.I.W.2,3
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus,
42360 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia
*Email: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
Accepted 20 November 2017, Published online 31 December 2017
ABSTRACT
Chlorogenic acids (5-caffeoylquinic acid, CGA) present abundantly in unroasted coffee beans (green coffee beans). However, effect of CGA in stimulating weight loss is still unrevealed. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of CGA by inhibiting lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. CGA was extracted using water and ethanol extraction. Cytotoxic activity was determined by MTT proliferation assay. Lipid accumulation prevention was assessed through lipid release activity from the cells using adipolysis assay and subsequently by the measurement of the triglycerides level in the cell. Concurrently, total phenolic content (TPC), CGA content and peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity were determined. MTT assay showed the coffee bean and pulp extract did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect the viability of the adipocyte cells. Evidence by ORO staining and triglyceride assay, both extracts inhibit lipid accumulation at a concentration of 100 ?g/mL. Furthermore, both extracts significantly (p < 0.05) increased the adipolysis activity compared to control. Higher CGA and TPC detected in water extracted green coffee bean (18.32 ± 3.51 mg/g and 312.33 ± 8.31 mg GAE/g) compared to green coffee pulp that resulted in 15.77 ± 4.78 mg/g and 223.30 mg ± 9.34 GAE/g, respectively. POD enzyme activity was higher in green coffee beans (4.9 × 10-3 U/g ± 0.002) compared to the coffee pulp (2 × 10-3 U/g ± 0.001). The findings indicate that green coffee have a potential as lipid accumulation inhibitor in 3T3-L1 adipocytes cell.
Key words: Adipogenesis, chlorogenic acid, cytotoxic activity, adipocytes, green coffee
