Malays. Appl. Biol. (2018) 47(4): 13–24
PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EFFECT
OF HOT WATER EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON PHENOLIC
CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES OF
Morinda citrifolia LEAF
CHONG KAH HUI1, NURUL IZWANIE MAJID1, MOHAMAD KHAIRI MOHD ZAINOL1,
HABSAH MOHAMAD3 and ZAMZAHAILA MOHD ZIN1,2*
1School of Food Science and Technology
2Centre for Fundamental and Liberal Education
3Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu,
21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
*E-mail: This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it
Accepted 17 August 2018, Published online 25 October 2018
ABSTRACT
Morinda citrifolia is a common plant in tropical countries which is believed to have beneficial effects on human health. Qualitative phytochemical screening on fresh Morinda citrifolia leaf (MCL) and MCL water extract were done to test the presence of phytochemical classes. The effect of three extraction temperatures (70°C , 80°C, and 90°C) and times (15 min, 30 min, and 45 min) on the phenolic contents and antioxidant capacities of MCL water extract were investigated. Total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined with aluminium chloride colorimetric assay while antioxidant capacities were investigated through ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results showed that both fresh MCL and MCL water extract contained carbohydrate, phytosterols, flavonoids, proteins, tannins, and triterpenoids. As comparison, MCL water extract was found to have additional phytochemicals including alkaloids, saponins, phenols, amino acids, and coumarins. The recommended extraction condition was at 80°C for 30 min which gave better antioxidant results, with 42.66±8.870 mg GAE/g extract for TPC, 6.00±0.408 mg CE/g extract for TFC, 151.50±16.208 ?M TEAC/mg extract for FRAP and IC50 of 0.57±0.095 mg/ml for DPPH. MCL with antioxidant properties might have great potential in nutraceutical industry.
Key words: Antioxidant, hot water extraction, Morinda citrifolia leaf, preliminary phytochemical screening
