Malays. Appl. Biol. (2007) 36(1): 31–40
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF LOCALLY CULTIVATED Garcinia SPECIES WITH SOME WILD RELATIVES
M. NAZRE*, M.M. CLYDE and A. LATIFF
School of Environmental & Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi
*E-mail:
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ABSTRACT
Garcinia is known for their edible fruit and a number of species from the wild have been selected and cultivated not just for their fruits but also for other uses such as vegetables and traditional medicine. Phylogenetic relationships of five locally cultivated and 12 wild species of Garcinia were determined using the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). Sequence analysis generated by both Parsimony and Bayesian inference resulted in almost identical tree topology containing five main monophyletic clades. The monophyly of these clades are congruent with previous taxonomic classification although a few clades require more representative samples to give clearer picture. Garcinia cowa (kandis) and G. atroviridis (asam gelugor) clustered within sect. Brindonia, G. hombroniana (beruas) and G. mangostana (mangosteen) fall within clade of sect. Garcinia and G. prainiana (kecupu) exhibit as basal clade of sect. Xanthochymus.
ABSTRAK
Garcinia telah dikenali kerana buahnya yang boleh dimakan dan terdapat beberapa spesies liar yang telah dipilih dan dijadikan tanaman bukan sahaja kerana buahnya bahkan juga kerana kegunaannya sebagai sayuran dan ubatan tradisi. Pertalian filogenetik sebanyak lima spesies yang ditanam dan 12 spesies liar telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan jujukan kawasan yang ditrankripsi dalaman (ITS). Analisis jujukan yang dijana daripada kaedah Parsimoni dan inferens Bayes menghasilkan pohon filogeni yang agak serupa topologinya dengan lima klad utama. Monofili klad ini adalah sejajar dengan pengelasan taksonomi yang telah dilakukan walaupun terdapat sebilangan kecil klad yang memerlukan lebih banyak wakil spesies bagi memperjelaskan keadaan. G. cowa (kandis) dan G. atroviridis (asam gelugor) terkumpul di dalam seksyen Brindonia, G. hombroniana (beruas) dan G. mangostana (manggis) tergolong dalam klad seksyen Garcinia dan G. prainiana (kecupu) menunjukkan sebagai klad dasar iaitu di dalam seksyen Xanthochymus.
Key words: Phylogenetic relationships, Garcinia species, ITS
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